HomeTrouble CodesP0560

P0560 — System Voltage

Generic OBD-II · all makesPowertrain (engine & transmission)

P0560 is set when the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) detects that the system voltage is outside the expected range, indicating either persistently low or high voltage supplied to the vehicle's electrical systems. The code is a warning that the charging system, battery, or related wiring may not be maintaining proper voltage levels.

Symptoms

What causes it — most likely first

1. Weak or failing battery

A battery that cannot hold a proper charge will cause system voltage to drop, triggering P0560.

2. Faulty alternator or charging system

If the alternator does not generate enough voltage or the voltage regulator is malfunctioning, the battery will not be recharged properly, resulting in low system voltage.

3. Poor battery cable/ground connections

Corroded, loose, or damaged battery terminals, ground straps, or wiring increase resistance, causing voltage drop and setting the code.

4. Blown fuse, fusible link, or relay for charging circuit

A missing or blown fuse in the alternator or voltage regulator circuit can cut off proper charging, leading to low voltage.

5. Damaged wiring or harness in the charging circuit

Open or shorted wires, chafed insulation, or connector corrosion can prevent the PCM from reading correct system voltage.

6. Powertrain Control Module (PCM) issue

Rarely, the PCM itself may misinterpret voltage signals or have an internal fault; this should be the last diagnosis after all other components are verified.

How it's diagnosed

  1. Measure battery voltage with a multimeter (engine off). A fully charged battery should read 12.4–12.7 V.
  2. Start the engine and remeasure voltage at the battery terminals; it should rise to 13.8–14.4 V, indicating the alternator is charging.
  3. Visually inspect battery cables, terminals, and ground straps for corrosion, looseness, or damage; clean or tighten as needed.
  4. Check all related fuses, fusible links, and relays in the charging circuit; replace any that are blown.
  5. Test alternator output and voltage regulator operation using a bench test or oscilloscope, or swap with a known-good unit for verification.
  6. If the charging system and battery check out, inspect the engine wiring harness and connectors for breaks, shorts, or corrosion, paying special attention to the signal wires to the PCM.
  7. As a final step, verify PCM ground and power supplies; if no other fault is found, consider PCM replacement or reprogramming.

Code facts & related codes

SystemPowertrain (engine & transmission)
StandardizationSAE generic — identical on every make

Frequently asked

Is the PCM usually the problem when P0560 appears?

No. The PCM is rarely at fault. In the vast majority of cases the code is triggered by a weak battery, faulty alternator, bad connections, or a blown fuse.

Can a low battery cause P0560 even if the alternator is working?

Yes. A battery that cannot hold a charge will cause system voltage to drop, which the PCM will log as P0560. However, the low battery is usually a symptom of an underlying charging or electrical problem.

Will replacing the alternator always fix the code?

Not necessarily. You must confirm that the alternator or voltage regulator is actually faulty before replacing it. The code could also be caused by battery, wiring, or a blown fuse.

I cleared the code and it came back after a short drive. What should I check?

Recheck the battery voltage while the engine is running and the charging system is under load. Also verify all ground connections, the battery cables, and the fuses/relays in the charging circuit.